Lubrication System: Construction, Failures and Repairs?

Lubrication systems is an important and indispensable part of every engine, from car engines, motorbikes to industrial machines. This system has the role of providing lubricating oil to the friction surfaces inside the engine, helping to reduce friction, temperature, wear, prolong life and improve engine performance.

The lubrication system plays an essential role in maintaining the efficient operation of an internal combustion engine. It not only helps distribute lubricating oil from the crankcase to the friction surfaces, but also performs the function of filtering impurities and cooling the oil, thereby protecting engine parts from wear.

Lubrication system structure

Lubrication systems typically consist of the following main components:

• Oil sump: Is where the lubricating oil is stored, helping to supply oil to other parts when the engine is running.
• Oil pump: Responsible for pumping oil from the crankcase to the surfaces that need lubrication. Common types of pumps are external and internal gear pumps.
• Oil filter: Has the task of filtering impurities in the lubricating oil, ensuring that only clean oil is delivered to machine parts.
• Oil cooler: Helps maintain a stable temperature for the oil, ensuring its viscosity does not change excessively during operation.
• Piping system: Connects all parts together, allowing oil to circulate continuously.

Operating principle of lubrication system

When the engine starts, the oil pump draws oil from the crankcase through the filter and delivers it to the parts that need lubrication. The oil is distributed to the friction surfaces such as the crankshaft, connecting rods, and cylinders. After completing its lubrication task, the oil returns to the crankcase to continue the cycle.

Common lubrication methods

There are three main methods applied in lubrication systems:

• Splash lubrication: Oil is splashed onto the surfaces to be lubricated by the movement of parts such as the crankshaft and connecting rods. This method is usually only used in small engines.

• Forced lubrication: This is the most common method today. Oil is pumped to the necessary parts under high pressure, ensuring optimal efficiency in cooling and reducing friction.

• Fuel-injected oil lubrication: Typically used in two-stroke engines, where the oil is mixed with the fuel before entering the combustion chamber.

Common failures of lubrication systems

Although the lubrication system is designed to operate efficiently, it can still encounter some serious problems if not properly maintained:

• Low Oil: When the oil level is too low, the oil pressure warning light will illuminate. This can lead to severe wear on internal engine components.
• Clogged oil filter: If the filter is used for too long without being replaced, it can become clogged and reduce the flow of oil to necessary parts.
• Oil Leaks: Crankcase gaskets can wear out over time, causing oil to leak out.

Lubrication system repair

To fix the above damage, users need to perform some repair steps as follows:

• Check oil level regularly: Make sure oil level is always as required.
• Periodic filter replacement: About 5.000 – 10.000 km or 6 – 12 months depending on usage conditions.
• Inspect and repair oil pump: The pump can wear out or fail due to high pressure or poor quality oil. Each part of the pump should be inspected for damage and replaced if necessary.
• Clean the radiator: Make sure the radiator is always working effectively to maintain a stable temperature for the oil.

The lubrication system is an indispensable part in maintaining the performance and life of the car engine. Understanding the structure, operating principles as well as how to recognize and repair damage will help users better protect their car. To ensure this system operates effectively, users should perform regular maintenance and replace components when necessary.

FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why is it necessary to change oil periodically in the lubrication system?

Oil can degrade and become contaminated over time, resulting in a loss of effective lubrication. Regular oil changes (usually every 5.000 – 10.000 km or 6 months) help maintain oil cleanliness and viscosity, thereby protecting the engine from serious damage.

2. What impurities are commonly found in lubricating oils?

During operation, lubricating oil can be contaminated by impurities such as:

• Metal shavings (due to wear of friction surfaces)
• Sand and dust from intake air
• Carbon black from fuel
• Oxidation products from poor quality oil

View the article now: Harm of poor quality lubricating oil nhớt & tips for choosing lubricants.

3. What are the benefits of using a high quality oil filter?

High-quality oil filters remove up to 99% of impurities in the oil, minimizing the risk of wear on internal engine parts. This not only prolongs engine life but also improves fuel efficiency by up to 5%.

4. What are the signs that the lubrication system is having problems?

Some signs that there is a problem with the lubrication system include:

• Oil pressure warning light comes on
• Strange noise coming from the engine (due to lack of oil)
• Oil level drops rapidly without apparent cause
• Smoke or burning smell from the engine (due to overheating)

5. How much can lubrication system repairs cost?

Lubrication system repairs can cost anywhere from $1 to $10 depending on the extent of the damage. Major repairs such as oil pump replacement or engine overhaul can cost tens of millions of dollars, so regular maintenance is essential to avoid these high costs.

6. Where to repair lubrication systems with prestige and good price in HCM?

Thanh Phong Auto is one of the leading auto maintenance and repair centers in Nha Be and District 7, Ho Chi Minh City. Established in October 10, Thanh Phong Auto brings together a team of highly qualified engineers and technicians, graduated from prestigious universities such as the University of Science and Technology and the University of Transport. With many years of experience in auto industry, we are committed to providing customers with the highest quality repair and maintenance services.

At Thanh Phong Auto, we provide a wide range of services from regular maintenance, engine repair, to upgrading the interior and exterior of the car. In particular, we always closely monitor the development of the automobile market to update the latest technology, in order to best meet the needs of customers. We pride ourselves on our professional working process, transparency in quotation and always put customer satisfaction first. Come to Thanh Phong Auto to experience dedicated and professional service!